Contents
- 1 What does my processing date mean?
- 2 What happens after code 971 on IRS transcript?
- 3 What is the difference between primary transcript and processed transcript?
- 4 How many days does it take for transcripts?
- 5 What is code 971 on IRS transcript 2023?
- 6 What is the meaning of credential evaluation?
- 7 What is a US equivalent degree evaluation?
- 8 How is the primary transcript processed after transcription?
- 9 What are the steps of the transcription process?
- 10 Why is primary transcript processing important?
- 11 What does processing mean on tax return?
- 12 What is the central processing date?
What does my processing date mean?
DEFINITION of Processing Date – A processing date is the date (month, day and year) when a merchant’s bank processes a credit or debit card transaction that has been authorized between a merchant and a customer. Processing is a broad term that describes the multi-step process of transferring funds from a customer to a merchant whenever a debit or credit card is involved in a transaction.
What does transcript processing mean?
STUDENT TRANSCRIPT PROCESSING SYSTEM. In this post we will be looking at the meaning of Transcript and transcript processing system, types of transcript, how a student’s transcript look and steps to make a student transcript. INTRODUCTION. it is a great expectation to document all the academic performance of the students since this helps to ascertain the different grade by each student.
- When a report is generated on the entire performance of a student at a particular point in time, such a record is called transcript.
- Till date, many tertiary institutions in Nigeria still use the manual system to process and file students’ transcripts.
- This system is time consuming, prone to errors, encourages wrong manipulations of students’ academic records and it very tedious to use.
Due to the nature or challenges of this manual system, significant number of students has been discouraged to study in Nigeria. In addition, due to unnecessary delay, some students’ academic records have been wrongly manipulated and computed, some students have lost their lives to accident while travelling to their tertiary institutions they graduated from.
This motivated the need to employ information communication technology (ICT) in processing students’ academic transcripts. A well deployed application will eliminate most of these challenges in the current system. WHAT IS STUDENT TRANSCRIPT And TRANSCRIPT PROCESSING SYSTEM? Student Transcript is an academic record that details all the academic performance of a particular student throughout the years spent in the higher institution of learning.
It can simply be seen as a copy of student’s academic record in higher institution of learning. It includes details of all programs/courses in which the student has had an effective enrolment and the marks/grades achieved in the courses undertaken. It also lists University prizes and conferring details where applicable.
In other words, transcript simply refers to a copy of a student’s academic record. A transcript processing system is a student information management system for processing and managing students’ academic data. Hence any system used for managing students’ academic records is referred to as transcript system.
The students’ transcript management system allows the department/exam and record to collect and analyze more accurately and comprehensively information about students’ academic records. It provides accurate, consistent, timely, reliable and complete students’ academic records TYPES OF TRANSCRIPTS.
Transcripts are necessary for almost every college application. They give college admissions officers a quick overview of a student’s academic performance and help them decide who to admit. Colleges almost always ask for official transcripts because they want to make sure the information on the transcript hasn’t been changed.
Talk to your school counselor to find out how to send official transcripts when you’re applying to college. There are two types of high school transcripts: official and unofficial.
Official transcripts : An official transcript includes a seal and signature of the registrar as well as all of your coursework and degree information. Schools tend to charge for these transcripts to be processed. Your previous institution’s registrar is responsible for transcripts and therefore, you need to contact the registrar to get official transcripts. Since transcripts are prepared after you have appeared for the final exam, you will have to either call or go in person to enquire about your transcripts Unofficial transcripts : can be given directly to students. Many schools have online portals where you can print copies of your unofficial transcript. Unofficial transcripts are printed on plain paper and do not have a college seal or registrar’s signature. Unofficial transcripts cannot be used to transfer to another college or university and are issued for use by the student only.
HOW SHOULD A STUDENT TRANSCRIPT LOOK? Your transcript is evidence of the coursework and exams you completed, your grades and academic achievements, and your graduation from high school.Your transcript should include the following information:
Your first and last name The name of your school Total credits and your current GPA All terms you attended school with the course names/codes and grades as well as total credits/hours earned High school transcripts should also include your class rank The classes you retook or dropped. It’s essentially a record of your academic career. The graduation dates A signature and date How many credits you earned. The transcript should include:
STEPS TO MAKE A TRANSCRIPT. This plan should ensure that the student stays on track to complete the state’s high school graduation requirements and should include careful recordkeeping. However, don’t despair if you are coming to the transcript process without the benefit of such forethought.
You can still create a quality high school transcript. Make a list of all coursework and material the student has covered : With the benefit of careful records, creating a year-by-year listing of subjects and materials the student has studied should be fairly simple. If records are more scattered, compiling this list may take more effort.
Make sure to include extracurricular activities, independent courses of study the student has undertaken in subjects of their own interest, classes the student has taken at a community college or the local high school, and online classes. Create course names and assign credits: At this point you need to turn your list of courses and materials the student has covered into something you can enter into a transcript.
Enter the information into a formal transcript template: There are several options: you can create a transcript through an online form; pay to have a transcript created professionally; download and customize a template; or design your own transcript using a word processor. If you are interested in downloading and customizing a template, whether you pay a service or use an online form, download a template or design one from scratch, it’s important that the transcript look professional.
Calculate the Student’s GPA: Try to make your grades as fair and accurate as possible. Once you have the letter grades, you can calculate the student’s GPA. If you are using an online template or service, these calculations may be done automatically. If you are designing the template yourself or filling out a template you have downloaded, you will need to do these calculations yourself.
There are a variety of online how-to articles and GPA calculators available. For your convenience, we will walk you through the basics below. We have also created our own form for calculating a student’s GPA. First, each letter grade is assigned a value (A = 4, B = 3, etc.). Next, for each course that value is multiplied by the number of credit hours.
The resulting grade points are added together and then divided by the total number of credits. The result is the student’s GPA. Get the diploma signed and notarized: That’s it, your transcript is complete! Now it’s time to print the transcript and sign it.
- The signature on the transcript is usually could be that of a portfolio evaluator or other individual with knowledge of the student’s educational accomplishments.
- You may want to get your transcript notarized, which involves completing the signature in the presence of a notary public.
- This verifies the identity of the signer.
If you plan to attend college, remember that you will need to send a transcript to each school you apply to, so plan accordingly. And with that, your transcript is done! CONCLUTION: Student transcript processing system helps both the students and the academic institutions to process and post (or e-transcripts) to address supplied by students.
- The system helps to improve the efficiency of requesting and processing transcript in tertiary institutions.
- It removes the stress and bottleneck face when processing transcript manually.
- The system allows students to request and track the progress of their transcripts process at the comfort of their homes.
The system encourages paperless administration in our university system. It is very cost-effective to the students and easy to operate and administer by designated officers of academic institutions. : STUDENT TRANSCRIPT PROCESSING SYSTEM.
Will I get my refund on the processing date?
If you file a complete and accurate paper tax return, your refund should be issued in about six to eight weeks from the date IRS receives your return. If you file your return electronically, your refund should be issued in less than three weeks, even faster when you choose direct deposit.
What happens after code 971 on IRS transcript?
How will I know when the Code 570 review is over? – Once the review is complete, you will see Code 571 or Code 572 on your tax transcript to indicate that the issue has been resolved and the return is now back in processing. You will also likely see Code 971 on your transcript again.
This indicates that the IRS has sent you a second notice to let you know the review has concluded. If you see the same date next to Code 571/Code 572 as is next to Code 971, you can generally expect to receive your refund within 3 to 6 weeks. However, if there is a different date next to Code 571/Code 572 than the date next to Code 971, this generally means more processing is needed and you can expect more of a delay before receiving your refund.
Once you see Code 846 on your transcript, you can breathe a sigh of relief! This code lets you know for sure that your refund has been released for payment and your money is on the way.
How long does transcript evaluation take?
How Long Does it Take to Process an Evaluation? – Each organization will have its own timeline for degree evaluation, and this depends on the number of documents being evaluated, any additional services, and the type of evaluation. Typically, transcript evaluation can take approximately three to four weeks.
- For evaluations with fewer documents, it can take one week.
- Additionally, some organizations affiliated with evaluation associations, such as ECE, offer credential evaluation reports in five business days.
- When choosing the organization for your evaluation, remember to carefully research the time it takes for your report to arrive, including delivery.
This is important to make sure you can provide the evaluation to your institution before the application deadline.
What is the difference between primary transcript and processed transcript?
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So far, we have looked at the mechanism by which the information in genes (DNA) is transcribed into RNA. The newly made RNA, also known as the primary transcript (the product of transcription is known as a transcript) is further processed before it is functional. Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes process their ribosomal and transfer RNAs. Figure 5.5.1: RNA splicing The major difference in RNA processing, however, between prokaryotes and eukaryotes, is in the processing of messenger RNAs. We will focus on the processing of mRNAs in this discussion. You will recall that in bacterial cells, the mRNA is translated directly as it comes off the DNA template.
- In eukaryotic cells, RNA synthesis, which occurs in the nucleus, is separated from the protein synthesis machinery, which is in the cytoplasm.
- In addition, eukaryotic genes have introns, noncoding regions that interrupt the gene’s coding sequence.
- The mRNA copied from genes containing introns will also therefore have regions that interrupt the information in the gene.
These regions must be removed before the mRNA is sent out of the nucleus to be used to direct protein synthesis. The process of removing the introns and rejoining the coding sections or exons, of the mRNA, is called splicing. Once the mRNA has been capped, spliced and had a polyA tail added, it is sent from the nucleus into the cytoplasm for translation. Figure 5.5.2: Steps in processing eukaroytic messenger RNAs What are the processing steps for messenger RNAs? In eukaryotic cells, pre-mRNAs undergo three main processing steps:
- Capping at the 5′ end
- Addition of a polyA tail at the 3′ end. and
- Splicing to remove introns
In the capping step of mRNA processing, a 7-methyl guanosine (shown at left) is added at the 5′ end of the mRNA. The cap protects the 5′ end of the mRNA from degradation by nucleases and also helps to position the mRNA correctly on the ribosomes during protein synthesis. Figure 5.5.3: mRNA capping structure The 3′ end of a eukaryotic mRNA is first trimmed, then an enzyme called PolyA Polymerase adds a “tail” of about 200 ‘A’ nucleotides to the 3′ end. There is evidence that the polyA tail plays a role in efficient translation of the mRNA, as well as in the stability of the mRNA.
The cap and the polyA tail on an mRNA are also indications that the mRNA is complete (i.e., not defective). Introns are removed from the pre-mRNA by the activity of a complex called the spliceosome. The spliceosome is made up of proteins and small RNAs that are associated to form protein-RNA enzymes called small nuclear ribonucleoproteins or snRNPs (pronounced SNURPS).
The splicing machinery must be able to recognize splice junctions (i.e., the end of each exon and the start of the next) in order to correctly cut out the introns and join the exons to make the mature, spliced mRNA. What signals indicate where an intron starts and ends? The base sequence at the start (5′ or left end, also called the donor site) of an intron is GU while the sequence at the 3′ or right end (a.k.a. Figure 5.5.4: Splicing There are two main steps in splicing:
- In the first step, the pre-mRNA is cut at the 5′ splice site (the junction of the 5′ exon and the intron). The 5′ end of the intron then is joined to the branch point within the intron. This generates the lariat-shaped molecule characteristic of the splicing process
- In the second step, the 3′ splice site is cut, and the two exons are joined together, and the intron is released.
Many pre-mRNAs have a large number of exons that can be spliced together in different combinations to generate different mature mRNAs. This is called alternative splicing, and allows the production of many different proteins using relatively few genes, since a single RNA can, by combining different exons during splicing, create many different protein coding messages. Figure 5.5.5: Splicing and protein diversity
How many days does it take for transcripts?
How Long Does it Take to Get Transcript Certificate? – Generally, transcripts are issued within 1 to 4 weeks from submission of the application. Institutions in India also provide students the option to submit fastrack applications if they urgently require their transcripts.
In such cases, an additional fee may be required. One of the most common reasons for delay in receiving transcripts is incomplete or incorrect information in your application. So be sure you do not enter incorrect information or submit the application without completing all compulsory fields in haste.
If you are planning to apply to institutions abroad, you cannot pick up and take your transcripts to every institution for submission. Therefore, you will need your institution to directly send transcripts to the new college or university you have applied to.
This process can take up to a month especially if you are seeking transcripts from a large institution or one that you attended long back. This is why it is important to apply as early as possible so you have enough time in hand to make up for any delays. Applying to colleges and universities can be stressful.
If you previously attended several institutions, you can expect the process to be time-consuming as you will have to get in touch with each institution and gather all relevant academic details. Getting your transcripts is not something you need to worry about as long as you are aware of how to get transcript certificate and sample of academic transcript,
What is code 971 on IRS transcript 2023?
What Is The 971 IRS Code? – The 971 IRS code is a transaction code that can be observed on your transcript, indicating there will be changes involving your tax return. The official meaning of the IRS code 971 is the indication of “miscellaneous transactions.” This indicates that either your tax return will be undergoing additional review by the IRS or there will be additional information needed for your tax return to be effectively processed.
What do the dates next to code 570 and 971 mean?
What Does Code 570 And 971 On A Tax Transcript Mean? The IRS codes 570 and 971 may appear on your tax transcript when the IRS has initially accepted your tax return. These transaction codes inform the taxpayer about the status of their tax returns being processed, if there will be any potential delays, and if there will be changes to a tax refund amount.
The IRS codes 570 and 971 appear on your tax transcript to inform you about the status of your tax returns being processed, if there will be any potential delays, and if there will be changes to the tax refund amount.IRS code 570 indicates a hold on your account that is preventing your tax refund from being processed. IRS code 971 provides additional information regarding the status of your tax return. When these codes are presented together, this means the IRS has sent a notice regarding delays in their tax return.IRS code 570 may appear on your account if there are discrepancies between the wages reported by your employer and those listed on your tax return, to verify your identity, if the claimed stimulus payments do not match IRS records, or if the claimed tax credits do not match IRS records.A $0.00 amount listed next to code 570 or code 971 on your tax transcript can indicate the issue involving your tax return is non-monetary, whereas a positive dollar amount listed on these lines indicates an update of your tax liability.IRS code 571 or 572 with the same date as code 971 indicates the tax return is processed and the tax refund should be received within 3-6 weeks. Different dates between these codes usually indicate a delay in the release of your refund. Code 846 indicates the tax refund has been released and the money is on its way.
What is the best transcript evaluation?
USA School Search –
International Student Study Centers Study in the USA Application Process Credential Evaluators Choosing a Credential Evaluation Service
There are roughly 195 countries in the world, and only about 67 of them list English as an official language. Many people speak English as a second language-and for many it is their third or fourth! The diversity of applicants and their respective education systems necessitates a common ground for evaluating educational credentials.
- This is where credential evaluators play a part.
- They work according to a well-formulated ethical standard in the field of foreign educational evaluation in order to serve people who have completed part or all of their education outside of the United States and who are seeking further education (or even professional licensure or employment in the USA).
There is no government agency that particularly monitors these foreign credential evaluation services, therefore most of them are certified, recognized or affiliated with various boards and associations. Affiliation with a selective association is an important indication of the quality of a credential evaluation service and an assurance that the evaluations it performs will be reliable.
It is important to note that many universities have their own credential evaluation department which independently carries out their own evaluation of documents, and that these universities may not accept credential evaluations from other evaluators, even if they are part of recognized associations.
Choosing a foreign educational credential evaluation service is similar to choosing other professional service providers. The internet has made this process a lot easier, as most credential evaluation associations provide a list of credential evaluators affiliated with them on their site. ECE knows credential evaluation because they have been an industry leader for 40 years. They provide educational credential evaluation reports for international students as well as resources that can help you through the process. The three main types of reports that international students will use through ECE are:
General: Confirms the authenticity of academic documents and recognizes the status of your institution and the equivalency of your program of study General with Grade Average: Provides the same features as General but adds a cumulative GPA Course-by-Course: Provides information on all of your individual coursework including the U.S. equivalent course title, grade, and credits
Customer satisfaction is held in high priority by most well acclaimed credential evaluators. If a student disagrees with an outcome of a credential evaluation, or seeks any sort of clarification, these credential evaluators oblige by providing responses with explanations entailing methods, procedures and other considerations involved into the credential evaluation process.
What is the meaning of credential evaluation?
A credential evaluation compares academic and professional degrees earned in one country to those earned in another country. Colleges, universities, employers, licensing bodies, and government agencies use credential evaluations to assess foreign education as part of the admission or hiring process.
What is a US equivalent degree evaluation?
A foreign equivalency certification is a report by an acceptable educational credential evaluator used to establish U.S. educational equivalency of college/university-level degrees. This type of report is usually sufficient when a degree is required for employment purposes.
How is the primary transcript processed after transcription?
Processing of Primary RNA Transcripts – In prokaryotes, the primary mRNA transcript is functional as soon as it is synthesized. This is seen when ribosomes bind to the free 5′ end, even before the remainder of the molecule is transcribed. (Remember that synthesis is 5′ to 3′, so the 5′ end of mRNA is synthesized first.) In eukaryotes, however, the RNA transcript must undergo processing before it is a functional mRNA.
- This processing occurs in the nucleus and involves three steps: 5′ capping, 3′ polyadenylation (polyA tailing), and exon splicing.
- Capping involves the addition of an inverted 7-methylguanosine triphosphate attached to the 5′ end of the primary transcript ( Fig.16-10 ).
- This produces a 5′ to 5′ phosphodiester bond, thereby providing a free 3′ hydroxyl at the 5′ end of the molecule.
The polyA tail is attached at the 3′ end by polyA polymerase, using adenosine triphosphate as a precursor, and it extends to a length between 20 and 250 bases. Capping and polyadenylation serve a dual purpose. They make the mRNA stable byblocking access to the termini by exonucleases, and they participate in polypeptide chain initiation.
- Neither of these posttranscriptional elements has a counterpart in the DNA sequence.
- Splicing of eukaryotic primary RNA transcripts removes the introns, leaving the exons connected together in a functional message.
- Primary transcripts are also called heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA), since they contain from zero to as many as 50 introns of variable length.
The introns to be removed are bounded at both ends by specific base sequences called splice sites or splice junctions. Splice junctions usually begin with a consensus sequence GU (the donor site) and end with a consensus sequence AG (the acceptor site).
The donor loops over to the acceptor, forming a lariat structure ( Fig.16-11 ) that is released when the RNA is cleaved at the acceptor site. The donor and acceptor sites are recognized by specialized small nuclear RNA particles (snRNPs; Fig.16-12 ) that associate with nuclear proteins to form spliceosomes.
The small nuclear RNA particles hold onto the 5′ exon and the 3′ exon so both ends can be rejoined. Primary transcripts of ribosomal and transfer RNA also require processing by nucleases, and there are similarities between prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Ribosomal proteins begin to associate with the primary transcript as it undergoes processing.
- The tRNA precursor is also processed by nuclease cleavage of precursor RNA.
- An intron is removed from the anticodon loop, and trimming occurs at both ends of the molecule.
- Processing is completed by modification of selected bases and addition of the -CCA terminal at the 3′ end.
- The proportions of ribosomal and tRNA species are easily coordinated by processing the precursor transcripts.
Pathology
What are the steps of the transcription process?
Steps of Transcription – The process of Transcription takes place in the cytoplasm in prokaryotes and in nucleus in eukaryotes. It uses DNA as a template to make an RNA (mRNA) molecule. During transcription, a strand of mRNA is made that is complementary to a strand of DNA. Figure 1 shows how this occurs. Eventually portions of the transcribed mRNA will be made into functional proteins. Figure 1. Overview of Transcription. Transcription uses the sequence of bases in a strand of DNA to make a complementary strand of mRNA. Triplets are groups of three successive nucleotide bases in DNA. Codons are complementary groups of bases in mRNA. You can also watch this more detailed video about transcription,
Figure 2. Transcription occurs in the three steps—initiation, elongation, and termination—all shown here. Transcription takes place in three steps: initiation, elongation, and termination. The steps are illustrated in Figure 2.
Why is primary transcript processing important?
Processing – The basic primary transcript modification process is similar for tRNA and rRNA in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. On the other hand, primary transcript processing varies in mRNAs of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. For example, some prokaryotic bacterial mRNAs serve as templates for synthesis of proteins at the same time they are being produced via transcription.
Alternatively, pre-mRNA of eukaryotic cells undergo a wide range of modifications prior to their transport from the nucleus to cytoplasm where their mature forms are translated. These modifications are responsible for the different types of encoded messages that lead to translation of various types of products.
Furthermore, primary transcript processing provides a control for gene expression as well as a regulatory mechanism for the degradation rates of mRNAs. The processing of pre-mRNA in eukaryotic cells includes 5′ capping, 3′ polyadenylation, and alternative splicing,
What does processing mean on tax return?
How To Track My Tax Refund | Tax Refund Process in Australia Come tax season, many Aussies all across the country are constantly trying to track their tax refund. Since many individuals and families rely on that money, which can sometimes be quite a bit, it is understandable that people want their exact refund amount shortly after tax filing.
- So how can everything be tracked? The best way to check your refund status is to do so online through myGov.
- Everything is now setup there, making the process much easier than before.
- Most people by now already have a myGov account after sending income tax returns, but creating an account is very easy as well.
All that is needed is a tax file number. Once logged in, people will notice that there are a number of stages that instantly pop up after 2018 taxes are filed. While tax refunds don’t go through every single stage necessarily, it is a good way to quickly get the gist of where it is.
- – In Progress (Processing)
- This simply means that the income tax return has been received, and the processing stage has started.
- In Progress (Information Pending)
The process has reached a point where more information is necessary to move forward. There are times in which that information is something they need to look into, but other times a person might need to call the IRS, or they will make the call to get answers.
- In Progress (Under Review)
- This is when the Australian Taxation Office is examining the tax return.
- Cancelled
Despite seeing the word cancelled, the review process is still going on. You should not file your tax return again when seeing this. Be patient during this period, and wait for the next update. In Progress () This is the step in the process where people know that money is coming their way.
The ATO is calculating just how much is owed. In Progress (Processing) Like the previous status at the beginning of the process, information is being gathered. This time, it is in preparation to send over a refund. Issued (Total Amount) When a person sees this, the refund amount is on its way. The next step is simply asking, where is my refund? Getting The Money The ATO encourages people to do all returns electronically these days, as it speeds up the entire process.
In fact, it takes just about two weeks to process electronically, while it still takes about 10 weeks when sent in manually. After the processing part is over, a notice will be sent regarding whether or not money is owed. Everything is sent to a regular email address, as well as to myGov inboxes.
Is there a difference between still processing and being processed?
After: We have received your tax return and it is being processed – If your refund status used to be your tax return is still being processed, but now the status says it is being processed, the IRS may have detected an issue in your tax return that could cause a delay in the release of your tax refund.
What is the central processing date?
Timeframe for processing a chargeback – The time frames can differ for each chargeback reason code and Card Scheme. A chargeback can be raised even several months after the original transaction. Typically, in most circumstances, the first chargeback time frame is calculated from one of the following dates:
- The date the transaction is processed by the Card Scheme, what is known as Central Processing Date (CPD).
- The date of expected receipt of goods or services. The first chargeback time limit begins on the next calendar day following these dates. The Issuing Bank typically (depending on the reason code) has a maximum of 120 days from this date to raise a chargeback.
What is code 570 with future date?
The IRS explains TC 570 means a freeze code has been placed on the account that holds the refund from being issued. One of the reasons why this code could have been placed on your tax transcripts is if you submitted your tax return with missing income statements.